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CPAG policy briefing
June 2007
Work over welfare: lessons from America Alison Garnham
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Contents
Executive summary
Section 1
The Clinton reforms
Lessons for the UK
Americal welfare benefits
The 1996 reforms: the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act Key changes
The broader context in which TANF was implemented
US poverty measurement
Section 2
What are the key US findings?
Setion 3
The UK context
What are the key UK findings?
Notes
Copyright and bibliographic information
Published by CPAG 94 White Lion Street London N1 9PF
Registered Company No. 1993854
Charity No. 294841
© Child Poverty Action Group 2007
The views expressed in this book are the author’s and
do not necessarily express those of CPAG.
This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall
not, by way of trade or otherwise, be lent, resold, hired
out or otherwise circulated without the publisher’s prior
consent in any form of binding or cover other than that
in which it is published and without a similar condition
including this condition being imposed on the
subsequent purchaser.
A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library
IBSN 978 1 906076 10 8
Acknowledgements
Enormous thanks are due to Mark Greenberg of the Centre for American
Progress, Washington DC, for his helpful advice and kind permission to
use his material. Thanks also to Tim Smeeding for allowing me to
reproduce his data in Figure 2. Credit is also due to Kate Bell of One
Parent Families for her helpful comments and excellent additional
material. Thanks too to Gabrielle Preston for her work on the Executive
Summary.
About the author
Alison Garnham is joint Chief Executive of the Daycare Trust, taking up
her position in June 2006. Prior to this, for nine years she was the
Director of Policy and Research at One Parent Families. She worked for
many years as a welfare rights adviser and for a number of women’s
organisations before, in 1989, joining Child Poverty Action Group
(CPAG), where she co-authored a number of publications about child
support. She has subsequently written about lone parenthood and child
poverty, including an edition of Poverty: the facts, published by CPAG.
Before joining One Parent Families she was Senior Lecturer in Social
Policy at the University of North London (now London Metropolitan
University) where she has also been an Honorary Research Fellow. She
is a member of the Social Security Advisory Committee.
She is writing in a personal capacity.
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